What is onychauxis (thickened toenails)?
Thickened nails, or onychauxis, is a common nail condition that occurs in both young and older people, though the risk increases with age. Over time the nail can become discoloured and separate from the nail bed. The symptoms are similar to onychomycosis (fungal toenails), but onychauxis is caused by damage to the nail root or matrix, not by fungus.
What does an onychauxis nail look like?
- Abnormal thickening of the nail
- Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed
- Yellow or white appearance
- Red or black colouring if left untreated
- Brittle, crumbling edges
What causes onychauxis?
Hereditary - if a parent has onychauxis, it may be passed on genetically.
Acute trauma - dropping something on the nail, particularly over the matrix or root.
Chronic trauma - wearing ill-fitting shoes where the nail is repeatedly stubbed.
Chronic conditions - such as psoriasis or diabetes, which affect skin and circulation.
Is it onychauxis or a fungal nail infection?
Because thickened, discoloured nails can look identical whether caused by trauma or fungus, it's important to get the right diagnosis before starting treatment. Onychauxis is caused by damage to the nail matrix and is not contagious, while fungal nail infections (onychomycosis) are caused by dermatophyte fungi and can spread between nails and between people. A podiatrist can perform nail clippings for laboratory culture to confirm whether fungus is present.
If your thick toenails are confirmed as fungal, read our guide to the best fungal nail treatments available in Australia.
Is onychauxis contagious?
Unlike fungal infections, onychauxis does not spread between people. However, people with onychauxis are at greater risk of developing secondary fungal infections, which are contagious.
How can onychauxis be treated?
Once a nail root is damaged, it is very difficult to reverse. A podiatrist can grind down the nail to its original shape, but once the nail regrows it will be thick again. The following measures can reduce risk:
- Regular nail trimming, as longer nails become harder and thicker
- Wearing correctly fitted shoes to reduce chronic trauma
- In severe cases, complete nail removal may be considered to protect the nail bed
If you're managing thick or difficult toenails at home, explore our range of nail clippers and files used by Australian podiatrists. If secondary fungal infection is present, browse our fungal nail treatments for clinician-recommended solutions.
Disclaimer: This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute professional medical or podiatric advice. Always consult a qualified podiatrist or healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment specific to your individual needs. If you are experiencing pain, discomfort, or other symptoms, seek professional advice before starting any treatment.